System of ether-wave control



J. H. HAMMOND, Jn.

SYSTEM OF ETHER WAVE CONTROL.

APPLICATION mu) 050.21.1910. RENEWED SEPT. 29. I919.

1,339,927, Patented May 11, 1920.

2 SHEEIS--SHEET I.

WC? 0/ Curry/7f.

H 14.2% W 421 2 k J. H HAMMOND, JR. SYSTEM OF ETHER WAVE CONTROL. APPLICATION FILED DEC. 27, IJIO. RENEWED sE'PT,29. I919.

1,339,927. Patented May 11, 1920.

2 SHkETS-SHEET 2.

UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE.

JOHN HAYS HAMMOND, JB., OF GLOUCESTER, MASSACHUSETTS.

SYSTEM OF ETHER-WAVE CONTROL.

To all whom it may concern:

Be it known that I Jorm IIIAYS HAM- MOND, Jr., a citizen of the United States, residing at Gloucester, in the State of Massachusetts, have invented certain new and useful Improvements in S stems of Ether- Wave Control, of which t e followin is a specification, reference being had to t e accompanying drawings, forming a part hereof.

The invention relates broadly to means for transmitting signals or messages by wireless waves or impulses.

One of the objects of the invention is to provide a sending station at which the 1n tensit of the emitted waves or im ulses may e modified by sound waves. further object of the invention is to provide wave receiving means at the receiving station which will be responsive to variations in the intensity of the impulses emitted from the sending station and in which the sound waves will be re roduced. The various other objects of t e invention will be more fully set forth in the following description of one form of mechanism embodying my invention which consists in the new and novel features hereinafter set forth and claimed.

In the accompanying drawings Figure 1 is a diagrammatic view of a sending station embodying my improvements.

Fig. 2 is a die rammatic view of a receiving station em odying my invention.

Fig. 3 is a diagrammatic view of a modified arrangement of a receiving station.

Referring now to the drawin s, Fig. 1 designates a sending station at w ich is located a suitable source of energy 1. This source 1 is included in a primary circuit which comprises, in series also, a microphone 2 suitable for use with high tension currents, at non-inductive resistance 3, an inductance 4 and an are 5. In a circuit shunted across the arc 5 is a suitable condenser 6 and the primary 7 of a transformer whose secondar 8 is connected with the "erial 9, where y rapidly oscillating undampened waves may be emitted.

The receiving station is likewise provided with a suitable aerial 10, and with a coil 11 which is connected in series with a rectifying detector 12. Shunted across said detector is a telephone receiver 14.- and a vibrating relay Specification of Letters Patent.

15, adapted to be cut in or out of circuit by means of a suitable switch 16. A local circuit including a suitable source of ener as the-battery 17 is normally closed throng a suitable contact device 18 such as a platinum point attached to the diaphragm of said vibrating relay. In this circuit is included, furthermore, a relay 19, such as the well-known Morse relay, in circuit with the battery 17 and a condenser 20 is shunted across said circuit. The relay 19, has its armature 21 normally attracted, and controls a normally open second local or operating circuit, com rising a suitable source of energy as the attery 22 and also suitable apparatus 23 responsive to the current flowing in the operating circuit when the same is closed upon the release of the armature 21 of the relay 19. The apparatus 23 is shown as an electric alarm bell for the sake of simplicity; but it is understood that other electrically controlled a paratus may be substituted for the said bel 23, and may be in turn employed to control or operate other electrical or mechanical apparatus.

Fig. 3 designates another form of receiving station, embod ing a different kind of vibrating rela an contact'device. In this construction t e vibrating relay 15 is replaced by a similar device 24, which diflers from that first described in that it has attached to its diaphragm a rod 25 of any suitable material. The end of this red projects into the spout 26 of a mercury reservoir 27 in such a manner as to leave the spout normally open and to close the passage and to interrupt the flow of mercury through the spout only when the diaphra m of the relay 24 and the rod 25 vibrates. e falling stream of mercur 28 impinges against a metal plate 29, an then flows into a receptacle 30 from which it is pumped back into the mercury reservoir 27 by a pump 31. The terminals of a local circuit are respectively connected to the mercury in the mercury reservoir 27 and to the metal plate 29. This local circuit includes also a suitable source of energy 17 a condenser 20 in shunt circuit, and a relay 19, the armature 21 ofwhich, when re eased, closes a second normally open local circuit and actuates a bell 23or other suitable device, as before described.

The operation of my system is as follows: When the human voice or other sound Patented May 11, 1920.

Application filed December 27, 1910, Serial No. 599,626. Renewed September 29, 1919. Serial No. 327,868.

producing means actuates the diaphragm of the microphone 2, located at the sending station, there will be a corres ending change in certain characteristics 0 the oscillatory waves propagated from the aerial of the sending station. These oscillatory waves are received b the aerial 10 of the receiving station. b0 long as the microphone 2 is at rest the train of waves emitted from the aerial 9 will be of a constant and undampened character; and, because of their hi h fre uency of oscillation, the currents induced by them pass through the rectifying detector 12 in a series of rapid impulses of uniform direction and intensity.

Owing to the inertia of the diaphragms of the tele hone receivers 14 and the relays 15 an 24, these extremely rapid impulses of rectified current do not cause any appreciable vibration of the diaphra ms, and consequently no sound will be hear in the telephone receivers 14. While the effect of these extremely1 rapid and weak 1mpulses upon the diag ragms of the relays 15 and 24 may be su stantiall the same as that which would be produce by a practically stead but slight pull u on these diaphragms, t is offset is not su clent to open the contact device 18 of the relay 15 of Fig. 2, and has no tendency to close the spout 26of Fig. 3. But when the diaphragm of the micro hone 2 is actuated by sound waves, such for instance as by the sound waves of the human voice, variations in accordance with the sound waves are produced in the amplitude or intensit of the oscillations transmitted by the sen ing station and these cause corresponding variations in the amplitude or intensity of the resultant impulses which act upon the diaphragms of the receiving station and consequently these diaphragms are vibrated in accordance with the sound waves thus transmitted from the send station and correspondi sounds may e heard in the receiving te ephones 14. This vibration of the diaphragm of the relay 15 of the system shown in Fi 2 causes a rapid and repeated opening an -closin of the contact device 18 and a correspon ingi, rapid and repeated opening and closing 0 the circuit through the battery 17 which causes the release of the armature 21 of the relay 19 and a consequent closing of the circuit through the battery 22 and electric bell 23 or other device.

When the receiving system shown in- Fig. 3 is used in connection with the transmission system shown in Fig. 1, the operation is similar to that just described in connection with Fig. 2. When the microphone 2 is at rest, the diaphra m of the rela 24 is acted u on as herein efore describe by a series 0 rapid weak impulses of uniform direction, but on account of the weakness and high frequency of these im ulses and the inertia of the diaphragm, the iaphragm is practically unaffected and is permitted to remain in such a position as to leave the outlet through the spout 26 normally open, thus permitting a steady stream of mercur to flow downwardly through the spout an to impinge against the inclined metal plate 29, thus maintaining the circuit through the battery 17 normally closed. But when the microphone 2 is acted upon by sound-waves the amplitude or intensity of the electroradiant oscillations emitted b the aerial 9 is varied in accordance wit' the sound waves and'the amplitude of the impulses received and actin upon the diaphragm' of the relay 24 o the receiving station is accordingl varied and thus causes the diaphragm to vibrate and to vibrate the rod 25 which then alternately closes and o ens the passage through the spout 26 of t e mercury reservoir, and alternately closes and opens the passage through the spout.

The stream of mercury 28, which normally flows without interruption, is thus broken into a series of dro s by the vibrations of the rod 26. he result is. that the first local circuit is broken, with the result that the second local circuit is closed and the bell .23 or other mechanism is o erated, as before described.

' It will e understood that many changes and modifications within the knowledge of those skilled in the art may be made in the application of the s stem and improvements herein disclosed. t is obvious of course that any other form of electricall controlled mechanism may be substituted or the said electric bell, and that by employing suitable apparatus any number of mechanical movements may be controlled as desired, throu h the agency of sound-waves andat any esired distance from the sending station.

I claim as my invention:

1. The combination with a container rovided with an outlet and adapted to ho d a conducting liquid, of vibratory. means arranged to control said outlet, and operative to open and close said outlet in accordance with variations in electrical oscillations, said variations corresponding to sound waves, a conductive terminal spaced below saidoutlet and in vertical alinement therewith and arranged to receive liquid flowing rem said outlet, a receptacle extending beneath said terminal and arranged to receive the liquid flowing therefrom, a terminal projecting into said container, an electric circuit connecting said terminals, and means for withdrawing liquid from said receptacle and deliverin the same into said container.

2. T e combination with a transmittin station for continuously emitting waves 0 constant amplitude and hi h frequency, and a device for increasing t e amplitude 0i certain waves at will, of a receiving station including a local circuit, circuit controlling means therefor including a receptacle arranged to deliver a stream of conducting liquid, said controlling means being unresponsive to currents set up by said Waves of constant amplitude but responsive to currents set up by said waves of increased amplitude, and signaling mechanism controlled by said circuit.

JO NHAYS HAMMOND, JR.

Signed in the resence of:

Aunnosn OSHEA, HELEN M. Demcs. 

